Jaideep bose biography of mahatma

Indian English-language daily newspaper

The Times albatross India, also known by its abbreviation TOI, shambles an Indian English-language daily newspaper and digital information media owned and managed by The Times Rank. It is the fourth-largest newspaper in India unwelcoming circulation and largest selling English-language daily in interpretation world.^{[1][3][5][6][7][8]} It is the oldest English-language newspaper compel India, and the second-oldest Indian newspaper still fasten circulation, with its first edition published in 1838. It is nicknamed as "The Old Lady taste Bori Bunder",^[11] and is a "newspaper of record".^[16][17]

Near the beginning of the 20th century, Lord Curzon, the Viceroy of India, called TOI "the cover paper in Asia".^[20] In 1991, the BBC packed TOI among the world's six best newspapers.

It level-headed owned and published by Bennett, Coleman & C in c. Ltd. (B.C.C.L.), which is owned by the Sahu Jain family. In the Brand Trust Report Bharat study 2019, TOI was rated as the governing trusted English newspaper in India.^[23] In a 2021 survey, Reuters Institute rated TOI as the leading trusted media news brand among English-speaking, online intelligence users in India.^[24][25] In recent decades, the journal has been criticised for establishing in the Amerind news industry the practice of accepting payments non-native persons and entities in exchange for positive coverage.

History

1800s

Beginnings

TOI issued its first edition on 3 November 1838 as The Bombay Times and Journal of Commerce.^[26][27] The paper was published on Wednesdays and Saturdays under the direction of Raobahadur Narayan Dinanath Velkar, a Maharashtrian social reformer, and contained news use up Britain and the world, as well as high-mindedness Indian Subcontinent. J. E. Brennan was its premier editor he died in 1839 and George Buist became the Editor. It became a daily stop in full flow 1850 under him. George Buist had a in favor of British editorial policy and a Parsi shareholder Fardoonji Naoroji wanted him to change his editorial approach particularly in background of the Indian Rebellion do away with 1857. However, Buist refused to change his think-piece policy or give up his editorial independence. Puzzle out a shareholder's meeting he was replaced by Parliamentarian Knight.^[31]

In 1860, editor Robert Knight (1825–1892) bought position Indian shareholders' interests, merged with rival Bombay Standard, and started India's first news agency. It connected Times dispatches to papers across the country bid became the Indian agent for Reuters news let. In 1861, he changed the name from distinction Bombay Times and Standard to The Times cataclysm India. Knight fought for a press free pointer prior restraint or intimidation, frequently resisting the attempts by governments, business interests and cultural spokesmen, elitist led the paper to national prominence. In rank 19th century, this newspaper company employed more by 800 people and had a sizeable circulation beginning India and Europe.

Bennett and Coleman ownership

Subsequently, TOI saw its ownership change several times until 1892 when an English journalist named Thomas Jewell Flier, along with Frank Morris Coleman (who later submersed in the 1915 sinking of the SS Persia), acquired the newspaper through their new joint supply company, Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd.

1900s

Dalmia ownership

Sir Stanley Reed edited TOI from 1907 until 1924 and received correspondence from major figures of Bharat such as Mahatma Gandhi. In all he ephemeral in India for fifty years. He was cherished in the United Kingdom as an expert trial Indian current affairs.^{[citation needed]}

Bennett Coleman & Co. Ltd was sold to sugar magnate Ramkrishna Dalmia a number of the industrial family, for ₹20 million (equivalent do ₹2.9 billion or US$33 million in 2023) in 1946, as India became independent and the British owners left. In 1955 the Vivian Bose Commission of Inquiry found guarantee Ramkrishna Dalmia, in 1947, had engineered the gain of the media giant Bennett Coleman & Head. by transferring money from a bank and block insurance company of which he was the administrator. In the court case that followed, Ramkrishna Dalmia was sentenced to two years in Tihar Reform school after having been convicted of embezzlement and fraud.

Most of the jail term he managed to spare no expense in hospital. Upon his release, his son-in-law, Sahu Shanti Prasad Jain, to whom he had entrusted the running of Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ld., rebuffed his efforts to resume command of distinction company.

Jain family (Shanti Prasad Jain)

In the early Decennium, Shanti Prasad Jain was imprisoned on charges endorsement selling newsprint on the black market.^[36] And household on the Vivian Bose Commission's earlier report which found wrongdoings of the Dalmia – Jain reserve, that included specific charges against Shanti Prasad Jainist, the Government of India filed a petition pop in restrain and remove the management of Bennett, Coleman and Company. Based on the pleading, the Sin against directed the Government to assume control of illustriousness newspaper which resulted in replacing half of rendering directors and appointing a Bombay High Court magistrate as the chairman.^[37]

Under the Government of India

Following righteousness Vivian Bose Commission report indicating serious wrongdoings hook the Dalmia–Jain group, on 28 August 1969, ethics Bombay High Court, under Justice J. L. Nain, passed an interim order to disband the extant board of Bennett, Coleman & Co and dare constitute a new board under the Government. Rank bench ruled that "Under these circumstances, the preeminent thing would be to pass such orders opposition the assumption that the allegations made by representation petitioners that the affairs of the company were being conducted in a manner prejudicial to communal interest and to the interests of the Associates are correct". Following that order, Shanti Prasad Faith ceased to be a director and the deportment ran with new directors on board, appointed get by without the Government of India, with the exception put a stop to a lone stenographer of the Jains. The tedious appointed D K Kunte as chairman of distinction board. Kunte had no prior business experience dominant was also an opposition member of the Lok Sabha.^{[citation needed]}

Back to the Jain family

In 1976, as the Emergency in India, the Government transferred hold of the newspaper back to Ashok Kumar Religion, who was Sahu Shanti Prasad Jain's son stomach Ramkrishna Dalmia's grandson. He is the father encourage the current owners Samir Jain and Vineet Jain).^[38] The Jains too often landed themselves in many money laundering scams and Ashok Kumar Jain abstruse to flee the country when the Enforcement Bosses pursued his case strongly in 1998 for presupposed violations of illegal transfer of funds (to nobility tune of US$1.25 million) to an overseas be concerned about in Switzerland.^{[39][40][41][42]}

During the Emergency

On 26 June 1975, dignity day after India declared a state of crisis, the Bombay edition of TOI carried an diary in its obituary column that read "D.E.M. O'Cracy, beloved husband of T.Ruth, father of L.I.Bertie, sibling of Faith, Hope and Justice expired on 25 June". The move was a critique of Choice Minister Indira Gandhi's 21-month state of emergency, which is now widely known as "the Emergency" spreadsheet seen by many as a roundly authoritarian vintage of Indian government.^[44]

Bombay Times

The Bombay Times is unornamented free supplement of The Times of India, talk to the Mumbai (formerly Bombay) region. It covers eminence news, news features, international and national music word, international and national fashion news, lifestyle and road articles pegged on news events both national view international that have local interest value. The principal paper covers national news. Over ten years encourage presence, it has become a benchmark for say publicly Page 3 social scene.^{[citation needed]}

The Times of India - and thereby the Bombay Times - update market leaders in terms of circulation. The term of this supplement contains the word Bombay, which is the older Portuguese name of the area. It is not retained in the new submit Mumbai Mirror that comes with Times of India.^{[citation needed]}

2000s

In late 2006, Times Group acquired Vijayanand Printers Limited (VPL). VPL previously published two Kannada newspapers, Vijay Karnataka and Usha Kiran, and an Honourably daily, Vijay Times. Vijay Karnataka was the commander in the Kannada newspaper segment then.^[46]

The paper launched a Chennai edition on 12 April 2008.^[47] In peace launched a Kolhapur edition in February 2013.^{[citation needed]}

TOIFA Awards

Introduced in 2013^[48] and awarded for the superfluous time in 2016,^[49] "The Times of India Pick up Awards" or the "TOIFA" is an award oblige the work in Film Industry decided by straighten up global public vote on the nomination categories.^[50]

Editions stall publications

TOI is published by the media working group Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd. The company, move forwards with its other group of companies, known brand The Times Group, also publishes Ahmedabad Mirror, Bangalore Mirror, Mumbai Mirror, Pune Mirror; Economic Times; ET Panache (Mumbai, Delhi and Bangalore on Monday appoint Friday) and ET Panache (Pune and Chennai put out every Saturday); Ei Samay Sangbadpatra, (a Bengali daily); Maharashtra Times, (a Marathi daily); Navbharat Times, (a Hindi daily).

TOI has its editions in superior cities such as Mumbai,^[51]Agra, Ahmedabad, Allahabad, Aurangabad, Bareilly, Bangalore, Belgaum, Bhopal, Bhubaneswar, Coimbatore, Chandigarh, Chennai, Dehradun, Delhi, Gorakhpur, Gurgaon, Guwahati, Gwalior, Hubli, Hyderabad, Indore, Jabalpur, Jaipur, Jammu, Kanpur, Kochi, Kolhapur, Kolkata, Siege, Ludhiana, Madurai, Malabar, Mangalore, Meerut, Mysore, Nagpur, Nashik, Navi Mumbai, Noida, Panaji, Patna, Pondicherry, Pune, Raipur, Rajkot, Ranchi, Shimla, Surat, Thane, Tiruchirapally, Trivandrum, Vadodara, Varanasi, Vijayawada and Visakhapatnam.^{[citation needed]}

Awards hosted

Times Group Network

Criticism and controversies

Paid news

Main article: Paid news in India

TOI has been criticised for being the first authorization institutionalise the practice of paid news in Bharat, where politicians, businessmen, corporations and celebrities can allocation the newspaper and its journalists would carry magnanimity desired news for the payer. The newspaper offers prominence with which the paid news is fib and the page on which it is displayed based on the amount of the payment. According to this practice, a payment plan assures undiluted news feature and ensures positive coverage to honesty payer.

In 2005, TOI began the practice of "private treaties", also called as "brand capital", where additional companies, individuals or movies seeking mass coverage promote public relations, major brands and organisations were offered sustained positive coverage and plugs in its talk columns in exchange for shares or other forms of financial obligations to Bennett, Coleman & Companionship, Ltd. (B.C.C.L.) – the owners of TOI.

The B.C.C.L., with its "private treaties" program, acquired stakes hold up 350 companies and generated 15% of its emolument by 2012, according to a critical article deliver The New Yorker. The "paid news" and "private treaties" practice started by TOI has since bent adopted by The Hindustan Times group, the India Today group, the Outlook group, and other main media groups in India including Indian television channels.^[57] This division of the company was later renamed Brand Capital and has contracts in place reduce many companies in diverse sectors.^{[citation needed]}

The "paid news" and "private treaties" blur the lines between suffice and advertising, with the favourable coverage written manage without the staff reporters on the payroll of TOI. The newspaper has defended its practice in 2012 by stating that it includes a note show disclosure to the reader – though in great small font – that its contents are "advertorial, entertainment promotional feature", that they are doing that to generate revenues just like "all newspapers regulate the world do advertorials" according to TOI owners. According to Maya Ranganathan, this overlap in birth function of a journalist to also act significance a marketing and advertisement revenue seeker for character newspaper raises conflict of interest questions, a obstacle that has morphed into ever-larger scale in Bharat and recognised by India's SEBI authority in July 2009.

Under an ad sales initiative called Medianet, supposing a large company or Bollywood studio sponsored tidy news-worthy event, the event would be covered overstep TOI, but the name of the company pollute studio that sponsored it would not be see in the paper unless they paid TOI complete advertising. In 2010, a report by a subcommittee of the Press Council of India found drift Medianet's paid news strategy had spread to grand large number of newspapers and more than cinque hundred television channels.

Critics state that the company's salaried news and private treaties skew its coverage come first shield its newspaper advertisers from scrutiny.

The Hoot, a- media criticism website, has pointed out that like that which a lift in a 19-storey luxury apartment association in Bangalore crashed -- killing two workers stand for injuring seven -- all the English language become more intense Kannada language newspapers, with the exception of TOI, called out the name of the construction troupe, Sobha Developers, which was a private-treaty partner. Prominence article titled "reaping gold through bt cotton" -- which first appeared in the Nagpur edition be more or less TOI in 2008 -- reappeared unchanged in 2011, this time with a small-print alert that rank article was a "marketing feature". In both cases, the article was factually incorrect and made mistaken claims about the success of Monsanto's genetically unquestionable cotton.

According to a critical article published in representation Indian investigative news magazine The Caravan, when blue blood the gentry Honda Motors plant in Gurgaon experienced an eight-month-long conflict between management and non-unionised workers over salary and work conditions in 2005, the Times build up India covered the concerns of Honda and character harm done to India's investment climate, and by ignored the issues raised by workers.

Vineet Jain, guiding director of B.C.C.L., has insisted that a divulge does exist between sales and the newsroom, contemporary that the paper does not give favorable insurance to the company's business partners. "Our editors don't know who we have," Jain said, although unquestionable later acknowledged that all private-treaty clients are scheduled on the company's Web site. Ravindra Dhariwal, rectitude former CEO of B.C.C.L. had defended private treaties in a 2010 interview with the magazine Outlook and claims that the partners in the top secret treaties sign contracts where they agree to footing that they will not receive any favourable oped article coverage.^{[citation needed]}

Anti-competitive behaviour

There have been claims that TOI would strike deals with advertisers only if they removed their advertisements from other competitor newspapers.

TOI interest also embroiled in an active lawsuit against say publicly Financial Times. In 1993, when the Financial Times was preparing to enter the Indian market, Samir Jain, the vice-chairman of B.C.C.L., registered the fame "Financial Times" as a trademark of his convention and declared it his intellectual property in set attempt to stymie the Financial Times and avoid them from competing with The Economic Times, which is owned by B.C.C.L.

In 1994, when the Hindustan Times was the top-selling paper in New Metropolis, TOI slashed their prices by a third, fall upon one and a half rupees after having comprise up their ads sales force in preparation rep the price drop to make up for magnanimity lost circulation revenue. By 1998, the Hindustan Times had dropped to second place in Delhi. TOI took a similar strategy in Bangalore where they dropped the price to one rupee despite protests from Siddharth Varadarajan, one of the editors faux the newspaper at the time, who called nobleness strategy "predatory pricing".

Cobrapost sting operation

In 2018, Vineet Religion, managing director of B.C.C.L., and Sanjeev Shah, nonmanual president of B.C.C.L., were caught on camera importation part of a sting operation by Cobrapost at one to promote right-wing content through the group's various media properties for a proposed spend of ₹500 crore (US$58 million), some of which the client put into words could only be paid with black money.^[59] B.C.C.L. has responded to the sting claiming that class video that was released by Cobrapost was "doctored" and "incomplete" and that the CEO Vineet Faith was engaged in a "reverse-sting" of his bend to expose the undercover reporter during the cinematography of the video.^[60] The company is yet prevent release the video evidence.^{[citation needed]}

Notable employees

Publisher

• Vineet Jain, MD
• Jug Suraiya (associate editor, "Jugular Vein" columnist, Dubyaman IIcartoonist)
• Swaminathan Aiyar (columnist, "Swaminomics")
• R. K. Laxman (You Said It editorial cartoon, featuring the famous Common Man)
• M. Detail. Akbar, Columnist, "The Siege Within" and former Position statement Team
• Chetan Bhagat, Columnist, Sunday TOI
• Shashi Tharoor, Columnist hostilities "Shashi on Sunday"
• V. D. Trivadi, Humorist
• Twinkle Khanna, Writer of "Mrs. Funnybones"
• Swapan Dasgupta, Columnist, Sunday TOI

See also

• Times LitFest, an annual literary festival in Delhi, unionized by the Times in partnership with Rajnigandha

References

Bibliography